EL is the phenomenon including three processes of charge injection, electron-hole recombination and radiation-decay. It is candidate to substitute  the liquid crystal to fabricate the ultra-thin flat panel displays.

       Pure white light emission. CIE chromaticity diagram:the point(i) shows the color of the light emitted from the device ITO/TPD,doped with 2.5wt.%CNA, and i wt.%DCDM/BCP/Alq /Mg:Ag/Ag cap, i=1,2,3,4,5 and 6

     The dependence of luminous intensity and injecting-current-density on the applied electric field.