第一作者：Felix Ahrens
通讯作者：Andrea Vinante
发表刊物：Physical Review Letters
关键字：Physical Review Letters 134，18，110801（2025） 近期有研究指出了磁场测量的量子极限：即所谓能量分辨率ER ≳ ħ。该极限适用于目前绝大多数量子磁强计，包括超导量子干涉器件、固态自旋磁强计以及光泵原子磁强计。但正如单畴旋量玻色 - 爱因斯坦凝聚体的相关实验所证实，强关联自旋体系能够突破这一极限。本文研究表明，利用低温环境下悬浮于超导体上方的硬铁磁体，也可实现相近、甚至更优异的能量分辨率。实验测得能量分辨率为ER = 0.064 ħ。该成果为凝聚态物理、生物物理及基础物理领域开辟了全新应用方向。我们还据此提出一项类轴子暗物质探测实验方案，其预期探测灵敏度相较以往同类研究可提升数个数量级。 A quantum limit on the measurement of magnetic fields has been recently pointed out, stating that the socalled energy resolution ER is bounded to ER ≳ ħ. This limit indeed holds true for the vast majority of existing quantum magnetometers, including superconducting quantum interference devices and solid state spin and optically pumped atomic magnetometers. However, it can be surpassed by highly correlated spin systems, as recently demonstrated with a single-domain spinor BEC. Here, we show that similar and potentially much better resolution can be achieved with a hard ferromagnet levitated above a superconductor at cryogenic temperature. We demonstrate ER =0.064 ħ. This finding opens the way to new applications in condensed matter, biophysics, and fundamental science. In particular, we propose an experiment to search for axionlike dark matter and project a sensitivity that is orders of magnitude better than in previous searches.
卷号：134
发布期刊链接：https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.110801
合写作者：Wei Ji,Dmitry Budker,Chris Timberlake,Hendrik Ulbricht