A Global Approximation Interpretation (Standard Interpretation) of Quantum Mechanics:

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A longer Abstract

The most fundamental assumption of quantum mechanics is de Broglie's hypothesis of matter waves, which leads to the advent of the Schr\"{o}dinger equation, the core of the quantum mechanics formulation. Strangely, no one has explained the physical meaning of the Schr\"{o}dinger equation in history. The Copenhagen Interpretation did not mention the Schr\"{o}dinger equation at all but controversially interpreted the solution of the Schr\"{o}dinger equation - the quantum wave function, and regarded the probability interpretation of the wave function as the essential ingredient of the Copenhagen Interpretation.

We find that the Schr\"{o}dinger equation, its solving method, and its solutions have important physical implications that have been ignored in all previous interpretations of quantum mechanics.

Using the picture of the elementary particles and the fundamental interactions of the Standard Model, we investigated the physical implications of the Schr\"{o}dinger equation. We found its critical approximation -- the non-relativistic approximation and the globality it brings. We propose a Global Approximation Interpretation (GAI) of quantum mechanics based on these two features.

The approximate and global nature of the Schr\"{o}dinger equation leads to superficial quantum nonlocality, quantization of energy levels and angular momentum, global correlation of quantum states, global causality, neglect of quantum state establishment processes, and the abstraction and idealization of quantum wave functions. The abstraction of the quantum wave function is why the Copenhagen Interpretation has to resolve to the probabilistic concept.

The Standard Model believes that elementary particles and their interactions are highly complex and nonlinear, involving the entire space, while the quantum wave function obtained by the Schr\"{o}dinger equation is perfectly ideal. We cannot start from ideal and abstract wave functions to understand the real physical world, especially when the non-relativistic approximation implied by the Schr\"{o}dinger equation does not hold, such as in long-distance quantum entanglement. We can experiment to prove that quantum entanglement is just an ordinary global correlation, a fundamental property of all quantum or waves. There is no superluminal influence.

Another essential premise of the Copenhagen Interpretation, wave-particle duality, is not clearly defined and does not meet the requirements of scientific definition. Vague definitions have the advantage of being unfalsifiable in debates. People accepted the idea, unaware of its sophistry nature. GAI explains experimental phenomena previously only accountable by wave-particle duality from the perspective of real physical waves, globality, and quantum tunneling.

The probabilistic interpretation of the quantum wave function is widely accepted because it is not falsifiable either. Because the experimental verification is the conclusion of the statistical analysis of the experimental data, and the basic assumption of the statistical analysis is that the data source is random.

GAI also has the following inferences:

• There is no ideal quantum, but distinct global modes (quantum effect) are ubiquitous.
  

• The neglect of the approximation and globality of the Schr\"{o}dinger equation is the root of all incomprehensible quantum mechanical phenomena.
  

• There is no evidence that fundamental physical quantities are quantized, such as energy, spacetime, and angular momentum. Quantization comes from discreteness in global eigenmodes.
  

• Low-energy photons are electromagnetic radiation, not necessarily quantized.
  

• The spin of an electron is a property that emerges in the interaction and cannot be regarded as an intrinsic property when it exists alone.
  

• There is no boundary between the quantum system and the classical system. Both are approximate descriptions of physical systems from different perspectives.
  

• If we define measurement with interaction, then reality is relative. The relativity of reality incorporates both Bohr's instrumentalism and materialism's view of reality and, at the same time, does not contradict idealism.
  

• We can infer from the relativity of reality that determinism is also relative.
  

The Global Approximation Interpretation can explain all the incomprehensible quantum phenomena and clear up some misconceptions in line with intuition and common sense.